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Types of Rechargeable Batteries Currently, there are three main types of rechargeable batteries. Each is made of different materials, so they are said to have different chemistries. The three main types are Litihium-ion (Li-ion), nickel-metal hydride (NiMH), and nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cad) batteries. Each type of battery chemistry gives the rechargeable battery unique traits. Lithium-ion batteries have a very high energy density. This means that for their size or weight they can store more energy than other rechargeable batteries. Since they operate at higher voltages than other rechargeables, a single cell can be used in place of multiple NiMH or NiCd cells. Lithium-ion batteries also hold their charge for a longer time than batteries of other chemistries. It is important to note that lithium-ion batteries are rechargeable, but lithium batteries are not. Batteries with NiMH and Ni-Cad chemistries are also rechargeable. NiMH rechargeable batteries have higher energy densities than those with NiCad chemistry, so they have more capacity. Also, NiMH is not only rechargeable, but recyclable, which is not an option for Ni-Cad batteries. The way to avoid the dreaded "memory effect" is to fully cycle your NiCad battery at least once a month. In other words, fully discharge your battery and then fully charge it. Each rechargeable battery chemistry requires a different amount of initial charging. For example, a NiCad battery needs to charge for about twelve hours the first time, while NiMH rechargeable batteries must charge for at least 24 hours. The differing chemistries of NiCad, NiMH and Li-ion batteries also require unique patterns to recharge properly. Because of this, you shouldn’t substitute one battery chemistry for another. If your electronic device and re-charger are designed for NiMH rechargeable batteries, never substitute Li-ion batteries. However, some devices are configured to accept more than one kind of rechargeable battery; always check the user manual for the proper type of battery chemistry your device requires. |